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The immune system is an important defense mechanism against cancer and is often dysfunctional in patients with malignancies. The central regulator of the anti-cancer adaptive immune response is the T lymphocyte. T lymphocyte activation requires the completion of a carefully orchestrated series of specific steps that can be preempted or disrupted by any number of critical events. Particularly important is the provision of a costimulatory signal, the binding of accessory molecules on the antigen presenting cell to receptors on the T lymphocyte. Though costimulatory signals were traditionally envisioned as a T lymphocyte-activating events, recent discoveries have highlighted their duality: they can be either stimulatory (costimulation) or inhibitory (coinhibition). In this thesis I examine programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) mediated coinhibition as a mechanism for bladder cancer stage progression. I also present evidence for the role of PD-L1 in granulomatous inflammation in a wide variety of granulomatous disorders. Lastly, I discuss the development of a novel diagnostic test for detecting soluble PD-L1 present in biological fluids and demonstrate its sensitivity, specificity and calibration in patients with cancer.
Advisor: | Kwon, Eugene D. |
Commitee: | Dong, Haidong, Leibovich, Bradley C., Tindall, Donald |
School: | College of Medicine - Mayo Clinic |
Department: | Clinical and Translational Science |
School Location: | United States -- Minnesota |
Source: | MAI 49/04M, Masters Abstracts International |
Source Type: | DISSERTATION |
Subjects: | Medicine, Epidemiology, Immunology, Oncology |
Keywords: | B7-H1, Bladder cancer, Costimulation, Granuloma, Programmed death ligand 1, T lymphocyte |
Publication Number: | 1489545 |
ISBN: | 978-1-124-51536-6 |