It is well-established that mothers’ psychological distress can affect children’s development, yet seldom research has considered how patterns in the course of psychological distress over time impacts child adjustment. To address this gap in the literature, African American, Mexican immigrant, and Dominican immigrant mothers (N = 272) were annually assessed for psychological distress over a 6-year period following childbirth. Children’s psychological adjustment (internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity behaviors) was measured in the first grade. A growth mixture model revealed two distinct classes of distress where mothers were classified as having low stable (82.4%) or moderate, late decline (17.6%) distress. Additionally, children of mothers in the moderate, late decline class showed greater internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity behaviors in the first grade compared to children of mothers in the low stable class. Findings highlight the necessity of supporting the mental health of ethnic minority mothers and further expand our knowledge of family psychopathology.