In this thesis, I focus on an actively deteriorating rock art site that lacked complete site documentation located in Canyon de Chelly National Monument of Navajo Nation and northeastern Arizona. The presented research involves a range of advanced site recording procedures and the elemental analysis of pictographs with a non-destructive portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) device. The study aims to evaluate rock art documentation techniques and the accuracy of pXRF for identifying mineralogical differences between shades of color. The pXRF examination generates qualitative data regarding the chemical composition of coloring agents for red, yellow, black, green, white, and orange pictographs. The research highlights the effectiveness of pairing pXRF analysis with recording procedures, such as DStretch, site forms, Gigapan photography, and photogrammetry for effective southwestern rock art investigations.