Maxwell's equations, named after James C. Maxwell, are a U(1) gauge theory describing the interactions between electric and magnetic fields. They lie at the heart of classical electromagnetism and electrodynamics. Yang-Mills equations, named after C. N. Yang and Robert Mills, generalize Maxwell's equations and are associated with a non-abelian gauge theory called Yang-Mills theory. Yang-Mills theory unified the electroweak interaction with the strong interaction (QCD), and it is the foundation of the Standard Model in particle physics.

The purpose of this thesis is, from a mathematical viewpoint, to derive a complex variable version of Maxwell's equations and Yang-Mills equations in connection with complex geometry, C*-algebras, projective joint spectrum, and Lie algebras. We shall consider working under the Euclidean metric, Minkowski metric, and a Hermitian metric g.