Chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion is one of the main deterioration processes in reinforced concrete structures. Most of the commonly used corrosion testing methods are electrochemical-based, like half-cell potential and linear polarization resistance. These methods provide indications of the current, instantaneous state of corrosion activity and could not measure the development of corrosion. This thesis presents an experimental effort of periodical monitoring reinforcement corrosion with ground-coupled Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR). A novel signal processing procedure was proposed for visualizing the development of reinforcement corrosion and the distribution of chloride in the cover concrete. Laboratory experiments were carried out to monitor the accelerated reinforcement corrosion process. The data were processed in both time and time-frequency domains to investigate the sensitivity of GPR signal attributes to corrosion, moisture and chloride contamination. Based on the experimental observations, novel data processing methods were proposed in this thesis to visualize the reinforcement corrosion and chloride and/or moisture distribution with target-specified signal attribute mapping. To discover the development of corrosion from the historical GPR data, mutual information-based image registration technique was employed to align and normalize GPR data sets. Toolkits were developed in LabVIEW environment to implement the proposed signal processing methods. Half-Cell Potential and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) were employed to verify the GPR observations and investigate the physical mechanisms. The proposed method was applied to a case study, which showed an example of ten-year long-term periodic monitoring of the reinforcement corrosion under ambient environmental conditions. The results successfully visualized the development of corrosion within the last ten years, which warrants the possibilities of further transferring the proposed method to large-scale measurements on site.