The defeat of the Nazi army brought an end to World War II in Europe and freedom to the many in Death and Labor Camps within Germany. As a result, a number of Displaced Persons (DP) Camps were set up to facilitate the repatriation of the different nationalities to their respective countries. Many of the Ukrainians and others refused repatriation for fear of Stalin. This situation is a case study of a people caught between two major powers, having survived one--the Nazis, and unwilling to submit themselves to the reprisals of the other--the Soviets. The study makes use of written sources pertaining to Germany, the Ukrainian DPs, and Stalin. The thesis addresses the (1) failure of Operation Barbarossa, (2) Stalin's attitude and policies toward returning Ukrainians and others, (3) Ukrainian DP's responses to the Nazis and the Soviets, and (4) Consequences.